Monday, August 23, 2010 - 8:44 PM
While the announcement of the resumption of direct talks between the Palestinians and the Israelis is certainly an encouraging one, the buzz since the talks were scheduled has definitely been downbeat. Chalk it up to expectation management or perhaps just a bout of skepticism given the past history of talks between these two sides, but while all but genuine enemies of peace welcome the talks, few expect them to produce a breakthrough.
Further, the talks themselves run counter to a trend that has many in the world worried. A "be careful what you wish for" moment has arrived. For all those who wanted America to stop meddling beyond her borders, less meddling is just what they're getting. Or at least less effective meddling ... which is to say less well-funded meddling backed by much less political will to meddle back home.
Veteran Mideast watchers are in fact, worried that the United States is losing overall influence in the region because our body language in the region is so bad. Sure, we've added substantially to our force structure in Afghanistan, led the move to place targeted sanctions on the Iranians and pushed for this new round of direct talks. But at the same time we're sending another message with the final pull out from Iraq, the waning support for our presence in Afghanistan, the clear lack of appetite for any military confrontation with the Iranians or anyone else.
At the same time, in Latin America, there is a general sense America has become disengaged except to the extent that we have beaten up the Brazilians for coloring outside the lines on Iran. In Africa, America continues to do little beyond lip service and as in Latin America, even friends of the U.S. figure they had more attention from the Bush Administration. In India, it's the same. The president is heading there. But the Indians wonder what, if anything, the Americans are inclined to deliver to strengthen the relationship -- especially since what Bush gave, the nuclear deal, was so important to New Delhi. The Chinese watch America bogged down in Afghanistan and Pakistan and realize that given our limited bandwidth, it restricts our ability to effectively deal elsewhere. The Europeans are happy with this stance ... the Russians especially so.
The question on the mind of the world is, "has America changed?" On my last trip to Asia, the question I got most often was "when are things going to get back to normal." They meant the economy, of course. When would we become the locomotive we once were for global markets? But it extends beyond that. They worried that the world's policeman might be calling in sick at just the wrong moment in the near future.
While there is something satisfying about this to Americans who hated the double standard of being depended upon and resented simultaneously...and while it must frustrate Obama officials who are working hard to manage what they see as a rich global agenda...it is a real issue, at least judging from many of the conversations I have had recently with international officials visiting Washington. They might not want the United States to be what it was under Bush, might hate the idea of U.S. intervention in a place like Iran, but they wonder what will happen if they need the United States in some place relevant to their priorities and the U.S. simply won't answer the bell.
To understand the origin of this problem, you have to look to the same issue that is at the core of the political and economic problems Barack Obama has within America's borders. America's sense of its own future, of its promise, of its financial security, and of its strength has one wellspring that is greater than all others and this administration has been stunningly maladroit at handling it. It is, of course, the value of the homes in which American families live.
Look to Monday's New York Times article called "Housing Fades as a Means to Build Wealth" by David Streitfeld. The piece states that economists are starting to doubt that what was perhaps the most important single component of the financial plans of most Americans -- the idea that their houses would gain enough value to provide an important element of their long-term wealth -- may no longer be valid. Baby-boomers approaching retirement find themselves without the resources on which they counted. A nation without a savings rate to speak of finds itself unable to depend on the savings engine that was almost seen as an American birthright.
According to the article:
Dean Baker, co-director of the Center for Economic and Policy Research, estimates that it will take 20 years to recoup the $6 trillion of housing wealth that has been lost since 2005. After adjusting for inflation, values will never catch up.
"People shouldn't look at a home as a way to make money because it won't," Mr. Baker said.
If the long term is grim, the short term is grimmer. Housing experts are bracing themselves for Tuesday, when the sales figures for July will be released. The data is expected to show a drop of as much as 20 percent from last year.
The supply of homes sitting on the market might rise to as much as 12 months, about twice the level of a healthy market. That would push down prices as all those sellers compete to secure a buyer, adding to a slide that has already chopped off as much as 30 percent in home values.
A country distinguished by its optimism may be losing one of the most important sources of that optimism. Yes, jobs are vital. America's current labor crisis is a social and economic disaster and the apparently real prospect of a jobless recovery is chilling in its own right. But even with 15 percent real unemployment, 85 percent of Americans are still working. The home ownership rate, down from a 2004 peak is still 67 percent. And yet, for some reason, despite the fact that it was a mortgage crisis that triggered the economic mess in which we now find ourselves, precious little has been achieved to restore the confidence in housing markets. Defaults are still high, still at record levels in many places. Housing prices are still soft, still far down in many places.
Home is very much where America's heart is. Home values and family values are inextricably intertwined. Declining prices, insecurity about being able to stay where you live, insecurity about being able to retire, these things eat away at this country's confidence. Recent talk about cutting back on home interest deductions as a way of combating the deficit are therefore not only ill-considered, they are non-starters. Because to even seriously consider such a move would destroy confidence in an already weak market and the resulting collapse would take down the world economy. Other steps contemplated by the Obama administration that would make buying a home harder would have a similar effect.
What's more, it would also make America an even more reluctant actor on the world stage. If you think we are looking increasingly inward now, imagine what would happen if we get a double dip in U.S. housing markets or if people are chronically economically insecure. It would be the effective end for a long time of American involvement in all but the most critical issues around the world. And it would, of course, mean the end for President Obama if it happened on his watch. It's why that the best gauges on which to read his future...and for determining what kind of an international stance you can expect from the U.S. going forward ... are the ones that track American optimism and self-confidence as manifest in U.S. wealth creation either expressed through home ownership, housing prices, employment figures and wages
Things change extremely quickly though, how things look today and just 10 years from now could be very different; in regard to everything you just discussed. The American economy has no history of economic stagnation, so it would seem any problems will be ironed out one way or another by someone out there. America as a non home buyer country? Doesn’t seem very likely, in inner cities we could see perhaps an uptick to change. But the average American home will likely continue to be used as a gold chest.
Global affairs are particularly susceptible to changing rapidly. The Obama administration has not helped our global standing, but they can't necessarily destroy it either. The system of the 21st century is locked into place, and the US is the most important player...much the way it was in the 20th century. No the US cannot patrol the entire world, because that is impossible. But as long as the US is around the rest of the world has to take into consideration any actions they make which may the affect the US. Are they going to be with the US or against? Historically the US has not always been able to patrol the entire world during times of crisis. Containing the Soviet Union, while successful, was not an instantaneous action. It took us decades, making many mistakes along the way. The world is indeed once again slowly slipping away into chaos (from Russia, to China, to African nations), but the US will continue to prevail and shape the world the in the most profound way.
While I agree that there is a link between American optimism and our foreign policy, I would debate this analysis of the causes. First, if housing prices are that important, we were always doomed to withdraw from the world, because no asset rises in price forever, especially when the size of the working-age/new-house-buying population shrinks. Second, I would contend that the fact that the American debt-to-GDP ratio is 100% has as much to do with our diminished optimism as the decline in housing's usefulness as an investment. It's hard to be optimistic when you don't have any room to grow out from underneath such a crushing burden on both a household and nationwide level. Finally, is it possible that our new attitude is more realism than pessimism? That diistinction is, admittedly, in the eye of the beholder, but I don't think this shift is all bad.
The reasons may be varied but American power is fdaing - but the title of the article suggests the wolrd will miss the US. Don't see or feel any evidence of that. The world wants US to economically prosper sure, its good for trade good for everyone, but do we want the over bearing often double standard world policeman? Not so sure.
Without the US, there are two countries, of which one or both would become the new superpower(s) by default: China and Russia. The US has a lot of faults, but if you give the Chinese or Russian governments the same amount of relative power the US had, we start to look like freakin' saints. The only reason some people think they are less bad than us is that those people dont appreciate the whole "intentions and capabilities" thing. As superpowers, they would be like us, but since since they are a non-democratic authoritarian bureacracy-government and a cult-of-personality authoritarian fake democracy respectively, they would put a lot less effort towards not being evil.
Norboose is assuming that power automatically turns one into an American-style power. I would dispute this assumption, because there is nothing which mandates anyone to act in any way whatsoever.
The US does not have to be the worlds policeman, it chooses to. Likewise, China or Russia would choose to act as they see fit. The US's policy has created what I believe is an unacceptable amount of dependency amongst countries.
It is not evil to act in your own interests, it is logical. It is in fact good to create decently managed, wealthy, powerful countries because only those types of countries can sustain anything "good" like an enlightened environmental policy. Is the most noble role the one of the policeman? I certainly dont think it is the only one.
The article talks profusely about the economics of home ownership in America, and I take this as an instance where America is completely out of touch with the rest of the world. Americans' desire for bigger and better houses ruined their economy yes, and it should natrually translate into a more sober revaluing of their international role. Instead of disengaging to look after their own houses, we find the Americans pondering further advances at international leadership.
Sentimental ideas such as "the world will miss America" grossly misrepresent the world and the people in it. I do not think anyone outside of the US will have much to lose from less US involvement so long as they are self-reliant, which is what countries should be. It is in everyone's interests to do so, and America's reliance on others for its legitimacy is no less appalling.
The US does have a tendency to intervene excessively. I also dont agree with how the author characterizes the whole economics structure. However, I was simply saying that a severely declined US would mean that other countries would be much more powerful. Without a strong US, the equation changes for countries like China and Russia. Using force to get what they want becomes a much more attractive option. Therefore, they will use direct force a lot more. Also, when they get involved in violent conflicts, they wont worry nearly as much about PR. They would kill much more indiscriminatley and use much more heavy handed tactics. They could do this because they can easily hide things from their publics, the opinion of the people doesnt have much of an impact on them, and through propaganda, they can even get their people to support the commiting of atrocities. Yes, they would be acting in their self-interest, and that would be bad for humanity, hence the term evil. Since people in general like to be able to think of themselves as good, they dont like it when their governments do things that seem evil. In a democratic country, where people have the most sway over their governments, that results in a tendency to be less cruel and oppressive. A powerful China and Russia would not police the world for ideological purposes, but to promote their interests. That world system would be signifficantly worse for the average human than the current one. That is why I am inclined to believe that if the US severely declines, it will eventually be remembered fondly, since compared to any other superpower in history, it wasnt so bad.
I acknowledge this is all pretty summarized and simplified, I dont have time to write a book.
An interesting theory Norboose. You theorize that since the US is a democracy, its people's perception of their country would limit its excesses. Furthermore, having a democracy as the de facto hegemon makes it harder for others to commit atrocities.
I agree that people everywhere think of themselves as good. Where our opinions differ is your assumption that non-democratic countries are able to "hide" its atrocities. In China for instance, it is practically impossible to hide rioting in Tibet despite the governments best efforts. Such countries are full of people who are natrually suspicious of their governments, and I would theorize that it is even harder for those governments to make statements that are believable. In a democracy however, one can easily persuade people by telling them lies and bigoted truths, such as the much hyped "ground zero mosque controversy."
Secondly, the absence of a US hegemon is unlikely to automatically result in another round of heavy warfare. This I believe because the nations you named, China and Russia, see their futures as being powerful nations relative to their neighbours, and do not have any "mission" or revisionist ideas. Russia is extremely interested in getting the countries in its "near abroad" to do what it says, but it can easily achieve this through its economy, Soviet-era contacts, and intelligence activities. China is likewise interested in getting its way with its neighbours, but I doubt any dispute (not even the one with Taiwan) is worth disrupting their economy. Countries which were historically aggressive, such as Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan, saw themselves as being much more than a power, but as possessing some sort of extraordinary moral or spiritual legitimacy. Ironically, the US is the most ideologically motivated nation today when it comes to waging war, or "promoting democracy."
To live in an ideologically charged nation is, in my opinion, more dangerous than to live in a more pragmatic and perhaps more Machiavellian one. For to do so is to accept that there are things beyond one's life and one's property which one is justified in using violence to protect. An ideologically motivated global policeman is therefore a necessarily more belligerent one.
Your final statement is an extremely interesting one. You state that the US will be preferred rather nostalgically once people get a taste of the post-American world. I wondered once if the British empire is remembered with any fondness in India, and of the Indians I know some really do and some really do not. My own conclusion to be brief was that people's nostalgia does grow with age, but so does their bitter feelings for revenge.
Likewise I also acknowledge that my statements could be further elaborated upon.
I respectfully disagree with some of your assumptions and would like to continue this, however, I am too busy to write these everyday. I thank you for your perspective.
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