Back to Pakistan's "get out of jail free" card for Khan,
I was left again with that nagging feeling that we are headed down a familiar
road for the United States,
where allies we embrace for seemingly pragmatic reasons ultimately become our
worst nightmares.
In fact, making a list of America's worst allies reveals a
trend that suggests that the world's hyper power could easily have been cast
alongside Jennifer Aniston
and Scarlett Johansson in He's Just Not That Into You
as one of those prototypical women who buys the line of every sweet-talking guy
in town and wakes up in the morning wondering why she feels so used. Seriously, we ought to be taking relationship
advice from Anne Hathaway at
this point.
Let's make the
list. Pick the five worst allies the United States has had in the past
100 years. Set up some reasonable criteria, things you look for in a good ally.
So for example, one criterion would be advancing our national interests (or,
alternatively, not dedicating themselves to our destruction). Another would be
constancy (or, alternatively, not using us and then ditching us when the next
best looking cause glides into town). Another, since this is a list of worst
allies (all alliances, like all marriages, are imperfect and require work), would
be to measure the degree of the damage they did to us or sought to do to
us.
Finally, other guidelines probably need to be
used -- for example, if a country underwent a coup or a revolution that changed
completely its political orientation it probably ought not to be included on a
list of allies who turned against us while under the same leadership that
created, sought or supported the alliance.
Before listing
the very worst cases of turnabout, it is worth noting a few of the countries
that were candidates for various reasons. (My candidates follow, but please,
offer your own suggestions.) Certainly some of you will nominate the likes of France for
being allies who made it difficult for the Atlantic alliance to get anything
done and which -- often for little more reason than modest economic gain -- undermined
embargoes and other measures to pressure bad actors into behaving. I have no
doubt that others will suggest that Israel
has actually put us and our interests at risk by allowing the settlement of the
West Bank and heavy-handedly keeping the
Palestinians down. Some may feel that the embrace of Taiwan
has caused more problems than it was worth, though it is undeniable that they
were doing what many in the United States
thought was in our collective interests. Still others might contend that the
billions spent in Egypt or Colombia
resulted in abuses or supported regimes whose interests were not always well
aligned with ours. Suharto was a good "friend" except to the extent that he was
behind the genocide in Timor or was
breathtakingly corrupt. The Shah of Iran was a good ally for years, modernizing
that country, but it can be argued that between the abuses of SAVAK, his secret
police, and his lavish spending, he provoked a revolution that has upset the
balance in the Middle East for years. Venezuela was once America's
best friend in Latin America but now, not so
much. The list goes on.
So who are the worst
in modern U.S.
history?
5. France
While they are
not guilty of undercutting American interests in ways that are anything like
the four other countries cited on this list (all of whom have gone or seem
ready to go from being allies to actually being enemies), France has earned a special place on America's
frienemies list for being so relentlessly difficult to deal with. They might
call it tough love, but for as long as the Atlantic Alliance has existed they
have been a drag on it and in numerous cases in the emerging world they tacitly
or directly supported our adversaries or undercut American interests. To be fair, it is tough to pick on them for
undercutting us when, especially for most of the past eight years, our policies
have often been so worthy of undercutting. And furthermore, it would be unfair not to acknowledge that there has
been a thaw in the air of late thanks to the more pro-U.S. attitude of
President Sarkozy. Still, it is clear
that the country that coined the term hyperpower hasn't quite gotten over the
fact that the little band of colonies it helped midwife into existence as a
nation long ago passed it in influence politically, militarily, economically
and, culturally. So, in the end, they
earn the special distinction of being the most dysfunctional of our more high
functioning alliances.
4. Pakistan
Pakistan is number four with a bullet. (For those
of you outside the record industry, that means number four but moving up the
list.)
This is a country that we have supported and to which we have provided
copious aid that nonetheless has become a haven for our worst enemies, a
violator of the most fundamental interests of the modern world (against WMD
proliferation), a host for terrorists that strike out against other allies and
which seems increasingly to be a coup away from fulfilling its long-touted
promise of being the most dangerous place in the world. Few countries can match
their record of being so anti-American even as they were still ostensibly our
allies. One of the worst foreign policy errors made in modern history was the
decision post 9/11 to look the other way on the emergence of Pakistan's nuclear program and lift sanctions
associated with it in order to gain tactical "advantage" in our war against the
Taliban and al Qaeda in Afghanistan
by shutting off escape routes into Pakistan.
Only problem: not only is
it impossible to shut off those routes, but big portions of the Pakistani
intelligence service and the Pakistani population were actively allied with the
Taliban and al Qaeda. So much so that now they call our ally home.
3. Saddam Hussein
We made Saddam. We
sought him as a counter-balance against the power of revolutionary Iran. We gave
him aid, looked the other way when he used chemical weapons and brutally
murdered and abused his people and generally wrote off the ugliness to
realpolitik. Then, he literally became our enemy entering in effect a constant
state of war with the United
States for a decade and a half. He
ultimately cost us trillions, strengthened our enemies, and invited us into a
conflict that has deeply undercut our stature in the world and sapped our
military strength. As in all of these twisted alliances, we bear plenty of
responsibility for making the situation worse. But as ungrateful, self-serving,
twisted, bad allies go, Saddam is certainly headed for a place in the Hall of
Fame.
2. The
Mujahideen of the Soviet-Afghan War
Yes, with our
help they managed the only major defeat suffered by the Soviet Army and in so
doing they probably help precipitate the decline and fall of the Soviet empire.
Yes, they fought heroically against a much more heavily armed foe that employed
horrific tactics. But in the end, many members of the Mujahideen kept the
weapons and turned their anti-Western attitudes against the United States. From
these groups came both the Taliban and al Qaeda. Among them was Osama bin
Laden, who used the skill sets he developed as a U.S.-backed fighter to build
the terror organization that ultimately conducted the most deadly attack on U.S. soil since Pearl
Harbor. As he remains our number one enemy and a symbol to a
movement that still threatens us worldwide, his place high atop this list can't
be disputed.
1. The Soviet Union
There are few
examples of the backfiring of the playing the enemy-of-my-enemy-is-my-friend
card that will ever rival this one. The Soviets not only went from by our
indispensible ally in defeating the Nazis to being the Evil Empire with which
we were locked in a death struggle for almost half a century, but they for a
while, they were clearly both. As World War II drew to a close, it was already
clear that battle lines were being drawn for a potential future conflict with
the Russians. Joint victory celebrations, laden with tension, became
opportunities to divide up Europe into what
would instantly become its Cold War boundaries. In the name of the "cold"
conflict that followed, hot wars bled the world for decades and the planet was
at the precarious edge of self-inflicted extinction throughout.
But as I say,
these are off the top of my head coming out of the weekend. Better ideas are
welcome, especially since I don't really like lumping France in with
these really bad relationships. (Although it's always fun to tweak them.) And
it feels wrong to leave out Asians or Latins.
So... suggestions anyone?
AAMIR QURESHI/AFP/Getty Images
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